Microsoft and OpenAI have reported that Russia, China, and other US adversaries are using artificial intelligence tools to enhance their hacking abilities and identify new targets for online espionage. The report is the first to associate top-tier government hacking teams with specific uses of Large Lethal Machines and is the first report on countermeasures. The document attributes various uses of AI to two Chinese government-affiliated hacking groups and one group from each of Russia, Iran, and North Korea, which are the four countries of concern to Western cyber defenders. Microsoft has cut off the groups' access to tools based on OpenAI's ChatGPT and will notify the makers of other tools it sees being used and continue to share which groups are using which techniques. Microsoft has identified security flaws and potential targets in earlier-stage research, but not major AI-powered attacks. DeGrippo acknowledges cutting off accounts won't prevent attackers from creating new ones.